The possibility of establishing integrated industrial cities in Iraq- The experience of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is a case study
Keywords:
Industrial cities, Saudi industrial cities, Iraqi industrial citiesAbstract
The idea of research stems from the importance of industrial cities as an important factor in the development of the industrial sector, as they help to establish factories and investments in the country because they provide the local and foreign investor with the infrastructure and services necessary to establish his industrial project, in addition to that they reduce unemployment in society. Industrial cities also occupy a major position within the interests of current economic policies, and in order to develop and strengthen these cities, many countries adopt many strategies, due to the great interest that the latter received from the countries of the world, as the best tool to enhance the productive and competitive capabilities of the industrial sector, in addition to its ability to activate the economic interdependence and interdependence of countries and reduce the risks of competition with imported products, especially with the continuous liberalization of markets. Therefore, the research aims to study the reality of industrial cities in Iraq and how to benefit from the Saudi experience in establishing and establishing industrial cities. Through this research, it was concluded that despite the fact that Saudi Arabia is a rentier country, but it has succeeded in developing its industrial sector and ridding it of the rentier situation partly through the establishment and establishment of industrial cities, which included multiple and different industries, and there are several strategies extracted from this experience that can be taken By the authorities responsible for establishing industrial cities in Iraq, through which you will be able to establish advanced Iraqi industrial cities. The economic base can also be diversified by working to raise the percentage of non-oil sectors' contribution to the real GDP in Iraq and work to increase the private sector’s contribution to the development process and in providing job opportunities and reducing dependence on oil revenues.
References
Abdel-Aal, Ahmed Mohamed, Geography of Development, theoretical concepts and spatial dimensions, Island of Roses Library, Cairo, Egypt, 1st Edition, 2011, p: 56.
Al Qudra ,Muhammad Mustafa Mahmoud, The Impact of Investing in Industrial Cities in Palestine on Providing Job Opportunities (Case Study: Industrial Estates and Special Free Industrial Zones of the Public Authority for Industrial Estates), Master Thesis in Accounting and Finance, Faculty of Commerce, Islamic University - Gaza, 2007, p :41
Al-Azzawi ,Lubna Rahim Turki, Urban Sustainability in Industrial Cities, Master Thesis in Architectural Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, 2010, p:82.
Al-Azzawi ,Mai Thamer Rajab Abboud, The Impact of Industrial Settlements on Regional Development (An Applied Study on the Industrial Nahrawan Settlement in Iraq), Master Thesis of Arts in Geography, College of Education for Girls, University of Baghdad 2002, p:8.
Al-Hamri, Nayef, Sudair City for Industry and Business is preparing for an era of high-quality industrial options, Al-Riyadh Newspaper, Saudi Arabia, Issue 17222, 2015, p:3- 4.
Ali ,Yunus and Jalal ,Thamang, The Role of the Industrial City in Sulaymaniyah - Arabet in Encouraging Local and Foreign Investments, Journal of the University of Human Development, University of Human Development, Sulaymaniyah, Volume 3, Issue 2, 2017, p:405 - 406.
Al-Jayashi ,Akram Nima Ali, An Analytical Study of the Saudi Stock Market and Its Impact on the Gross Domestic Product for the Period (1985-2005), Master Thesis in Economic Sciences, University of Kufa, College of Administration and Economics, 2007, p:56.
Al-Kinani ,Kamel Kazem Bashir, Industrial Site and Spatial Development Policies, Safaa Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan, 1st Edition, 2008, p:135.
Al-Mashhadani, Ibrahim, The story of the industrial cities in Iraq, 2019, available at the following link: https://www.radionawa.com
Al-Quraishi ,Medhat Kazem Radhi, Industrial Zones: Their Role in Economic Development and the Challenges and Problems They Face (Referring to the Experiences of Some Countries), Iraqi Journal of Economic Sciences, Al-Mustansiriya University, Issue 54, 2017,p:5.
Al-Quraishi, Medhat Kazem, Industrial Economics, Wael Publishing and Distribution House, Amman, Jordan, 2nd ed. 2005, p:38 - 39.
Al-Saeed Idris ,Muhammad, The Regional System of the Arab Gulf, Center for Arab Unity Studies, Beirut, Lebanon, 1st Edition, 2000, p:46-47
Al-Sheikh, Abdul Razzaq , Industrial Cities Localizing industry and diversifying the national economy, Caravan Magazine, Saudi Arabian Oil Company (Aramco), Saudi Arabia, Issue 59, 2012, p:2-3.
Arab Monetary Fund, The Unified Arab Economic Report, Miscellaneous Issues.
Ben Mubarak, Radhia, Organization and Management of Industrial Zones in Algeria, Doctorate Thesis in Law, Faculty of Law, University of Algiers, 2016, p:27- 28.
Bulletin of Industrial Statistics for Arab Countries, the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) and the Arab Industrial Development and Mining Organization (EDMO), No. 9, New York, 2016, p:84.
Fawzi ,Samali and Mounir, Kharouf, Introduction to Industrial Zones and the Investment Climate, A Comparative Study of a Group of Countries, The National Forum on Rehabilitation of Industrial Zones in Algeria as an Entrance to Enhance Competitiveness and Promote Exports Outside of Hydrocarbon Reality, Prospects and Successful Experiences, Faculty of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences, University of May 8, 1945 Guelma , Algeria, 2015, p:9.
Francis, Colin and Erkman, Suren, Environmental Management for Industrial Estates Information and Training Resources, UNEP, Division of Technology, Industry and Economics,Ed.1,2001 ,P:14.
Ftaymeh, Bin Abdel Aziz, and Mahboub Bin Hammouda, Investment activity in industrial zones and areas of activity in Algeria, a research paper presented to the International Scientific Forum on (Strategy for the Development of the Industrial Sector within the Framework of Activating the Economic Diversification Program in Algeria), Faculty of Economic Sciences, Commercial Sciences and Sciences, University Blida 2, Algeria, 2018, p:4.
General Authority for Statistics, Annual Economic Research for Institutions, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Miscellaneous Issues.
General Authority for Statistics, Economic Indicators, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Fourth Quarter, 2018, p:11.
Hafez ,Kawkab Hamid and Ali ,Azzam Hussein and Salman ,Inas Medhat , The General Directorate of Industrial Development Action Plan updated 2018-2022, Ministry of Industry and Minerals, General Directorate of Industrial Development, p:31- 32.
Hamdan, Marib, Environmental Effects of the Industrial Zone in Cities, Journal of Planning and Development, Center for Urban and Regional Planning, University of Baghdad, Issue 23, 2011, p:2.
Hanashi, Rawia and Nasser, Bouaziz, The French Experience in Managing Industrial Zones, The National Forum on Rehabilitation of Industrial Zones in Algeria as an Entrance to Enhance Competitiveness and Promote Exports Outside of Hydrocarbon Reality, Prospects and Successful Experiences, Faculty of Economic, Commercial and Management Sciences, University of May 8, 1945 Guelma, Algeria, 2015, p:164- 165.
Hassan ,Basem Abdul Hadi and Abdul Wahhab, Ikram Abdul Aziz, The Economic Role of Investment Zones and Their Perspectives in Iraq, Paper submitted to the Prime Ministry, National Investment Commission, Baghdad 2009, p:7.
industrial cities are one of the pillars of regional development in the Riyadh region, Tatweer Magazine, No. 52, Royal Commission for Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, p:6.
Industrial Estates, Meaning, Objectives, Merits, Types, Role, on: http://mba-guide.com
J. Bouton ,Kenneth, Urban Economy, translated by Adel Abdul-Ghani Mahboub and Siham Siddiq Lamb, Higher Education Press, Baghdad, 1st Edition, 1988, p: 40- 41.
Morisson, Arnault, Economic Zones In The Asean, Industrial Parks, Special Economic Zones ,ECO Industrial Parks, Innovation Districts As Strategies For Industrial Competitiveness , UNIDO Country Office In Viet Nam , Kim Ma, Hanoi, Viet Nam ,2015, p:19.
Qantqji ,Samer Mazhar, Organization and Administration of Industrial Estates, a working paper submitted as a proposal to the Hama City Council, 2003, p:7.
Saada, Imad, The investment reality of the Syrian industrial cities and the prospects for its development, Al-Baath University Journal, Faculty of Economics - Damascus University, Volume 36, Issue 1, 2014, p:237.
Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency, Annual Statistics, 2018, p:152.
Saudi Authority for Industrial Estates and Technology Zones (MODON), Annual Report, Sporadic Issues.
Saudi Industry Journal, Saudi Authority for Industrial Estates and Technology Zones, 35 industrial cities throughout the Kingdom promote the objectives of the National Strategy for Industry, Issue 41, 2016, p:28.
Sinha, DK , Industrial Estates: Definition ,Types and Objectives,p1 , on:www.youratricalelibrary.com
The Arab Economy Performance Indicators 2000-2018, Investment Guarantee Bulletin, The Arab Corporation for Guarantee of Investment and Export Credit, Year 34, Fourth Quarterly Issue, Kuwait, 2016, p:11.
The Importance of Cities and Industrial Zones, Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals, General Directorate of Industrial Development, 2016, Available at: http://www.gdid.gov.iq
The importance of the role of the General Directorate of Industrial Development in implementing cities and industrial zones projects in the governorates of Iraq, the General Directorate of Industrial Development, Ministry of Industry and Minerals, 2016, available at: http://www.gdid.gov.iq
The role of the Ministry of Industry and Minerals in the Industrial Estates Project, the General Directorate of Industrial Development, the Ministry of Industry and Minerals, 2016, available at: http://www.gdid.gov.iq
The Saudi Arabian Monetary Agency, Annual Report, 2018, p:82.
UNCTAD Stat, General Profile Saudi Arabia, On: http://unctadstat.unctad.org
Zafar, Hajra, Industrial Policy in Punjab : A case study of sundar industrial estate, Centre for Public Policy and Governance, Forman Christian An College ,A Chartered University ,Lahore, Pakistan,2012,p:1.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Economics and Administration College - Karbala University
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors retain the copyright of their papers without restrictions.
