Estimation of Interleukin 6 and Tumor Necrosis Factor in Pfizer Covid Vaccinated Case

Abstract

Background: Pfizer vaccine, which is a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is one of the first mRNA products to be approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA).

Aim of the study: The aim of this study is to study the impact of Pfizer vaccine on the levels of interlukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) after 3 months and 6 months of vaccination with Pfizer vaccine.

Materials and methods: The study was done during the period from May /2022 to September / 2022). A case-control study involved 150 subjects who were divided into three groups (each group included 50 subjects). The first group included (50) vaccinated group 3 months after second dose of Pfizer vaccine, and the second group included (50) vaccinated group 6 month after second dose of Pfizer vaccine. The third group was the control group which included (50) healthy unvaccinated subjects. Serum levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were estimated  by ELISA technique. Results: The results showed that the mean levels of TNF-α among male participants (after 3 months of vaccination, after 6 months of vaccinations, and in the control group)  were (65.40, 47.34, and 9.45), respectively, with highly significant differences between the three groups (p<0.01). The results showed that the mean levels of TNF-α among female participants (after 3 months of vaccination, after 6 months of vaccinations, and the control group) were (67.50, 48.74, and 9.06), respectively, with highly significant differences between the three groups (p<0.01). In addition, the results showed that the mean levels of IL-6 among male participants (after 3 months of vaccination, after 6 months of vaccinations, and the control group) were (81.36, 101.88, and 51.26), respectively, with highly significant differences between the three groups (p<0.01). The results showed that the mean levels of IL-6 among female participants (after 3 months of vaccination, after 6 months of vaccinations, and the control group) were (83.05, 98.03, and 52.07), respectively, with highly significant differences between the three groups (p<0.01).  Conclusion: Pfizer vaccine was shown to have significant impacts on IL-6 and TNF-α levels among vaccinated individuals.