Development and Validation of the retirement readiness Scale (RRS)

Abstract

This study developed and validated the Retirement Readiness Scale (RRS) to assess somatic, cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of retirement readiness among Iraqi workers. A sample of (510) participated in 2 study. Through rigorous scale development and psychometric analyses, including principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, a four-factor structure emerged: purposefulness, acceptance, hope, and compensation. The RRS demonstrated strong psychometric properties. Importantly, the RRS is the first to comprehensively assess retirement readiness from a symptomatic perspective, highlighting the foundational role of purpose in life. These findings contribute significantly to the literature and have implications for both research and interventions aimed at improving retirement experiences.