Pure Sciences International Journal of Kerbala

Flow Injection Spectrophotometric Measurement of Ni (II) Nickel Using a Novel Reagent, MTMTCH, in an Analytical Sample

Sahar Hashim Khudhair , Sajid Hassan Guzar — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study describes flow-injection spectrophotometric methods for the determination of Ni (ll) Nickel in analytical sample by a new reagent MTDTCH.

An accurate and sensitive flow injection (FI) Spectrophotometric methods have been developed for the determination of ion Nickel (ll) in aqueous solution by preparing the new organic -Schiff base- reagent was prepared by reaction 3-methylthiophene-2-carbaldehyde with hydrazinecarbothiohydrazide. This reagent was worked as a ligand by reacting with the Nickel (II) ion to form a Nickel complex and determination trace amounts of it. The absorbance of the reaction was measured in the injection system which gave the wavelength of 357nm. With a limit of detection of 0.050 µg.mL^-1 and a limit of quantitation of 0. 169 µg.mL^-1 Relative standard deviation 0.495 and Recovery is 99.50, the metal concentration obeys Beer's law within the range0.5-9.mL^-1 with a correlation coefficient value of 0.9997 . The complex composition was specific to the UV-visible spectra. the molar ratio of the metal to the reagent was (1:2).

A review: The Impact of Environmental Heavy Metal Contamination on Human Health

Jihan Hameed Abdulameer, Nada Habeeb Obaid, Maha Jassim Manshad — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Heavy metals are a popular threat to the environment because of their toxic effects, tendency to linger in the Earth's atmosphere, as well as capacity to bioaccumulate within the body of an individual. Heavy metal poisoning of ecosystems that are both terrestrial and aquatic is a serious environmental issue that has an impact on human health. The bulk of metallic elements are found in nature, despite the fact that humans produce some of them. Two of the most distinctive features of heavy metals are their atomic mass and the danger they pose to living organisms. Furthermore, despite differences in technology, research on innovative medical diagnostics is still being conducted. The rapidly developing field of nanotechnology is enabling significant advancements in the investigation of mineral material regeneration from complex matrices. Numerous carbon nanomaterials have been employed for the removal of metal, including magnetic nanoparticles, metal oxide nanoparticles, nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives, and nanotubes. Applying nanotechnology to the removal and analysis of heavy metals from food and water sources has many benefits over traditional methods. Among these benefits are high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, minimum limits on detection and measurement, and a wide linear range. Therefore, the goal of the review was to investigate how heavy metals affect the ecosystem, the harm they cause to human health, and the potential for using natural resources to create novel medications. This review also emphasises the application of nanotechnology and non-medical applications to the problem of heavy metal toxicity.

Preparation and Diagnosis of Green Nanocomposite from Salvia Officinalis and Study of its Inhibitory Effectiveness on Resistant Bacteria Isolated from Different Clinical Cases

Biadaa Jamel Nama, Kiaser Abdulsajjad Mohmmed Hussain — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The current research aims to prepare the aqueous extract and nanocomposite of sage leaves using green synthesis method, and to identify the silver nanoparticles using FTIR and SEM analysis. The antibiotic ciprofloxacin was loaded on the nanocomposite and the inhibitory activity on the studied bacterial isolates G-ve Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was studied. The study groups were divided into two replicates and five groups with three concentrations. The first group was treated with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin, the second group was treated with the aqueous extract of sage, and the nanocomposite was applied to the third group. The extract loaded with the antibiotic was used to treat the fourth group, and the nanocomposite loaded with the antibiotic was used to treat the fifth group. The color change from yellow to dark brown is evidence of the formation of nanoparticles, and the wave shift in the nanocomposite loaded with the antibiotic towards the frequency 2156.93 cm^(-1) is evidence of the success of the antibiotic loading process on the nanocomposite. The resulting compounds were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, and its results showed that the extract particles were in the form of irregular aggregates with the presence of some small particles with a spherical shape and an average particle size of 85.49 nm, while the nanocomposite was cubic in shape and an average particle size of 35.42 nm. The inhibition zones were evident in the fourth treatment T4, the aqueous extract loaded with the antibiotic, and the fifth treatment T5, the nanocomposite loaded with the antibiotic. Silver nanoparticles showed the highest synergistic efficiency with the antibiotic ciprofloxacin against the multidrug-resistant. bacteria strain K.pneumoniae, recording a rate of 14.33±1.41, while against P.auroginosa bacteria, a rate of 13.44±88 was recorded.

Series Solution of 3D Unsteady Reaction Diffusion Equations Using Homotopy Analysis Method

Hussam Shallal Saadoon Hatab — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

This study aims to verify and suggest the use of the Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM) as a flexible and reliable method to handle the difficulties involved in solving 3D unsteady reaction-diffusion equations. Reaction-diffusion equations are essential to the modeling of many real-world processes in many academic fields. Yet, they are still quite difficult to solve, especially in three dimensions and under unstable circumstances. In the current study, we provide an organized process for building the homotopy operator; we take the solution and make it into a series. Then, we use the homotopy perturbation approach to improve repeatedly. We illustrate the accuracy of our method in approximating solutions to the reaction-diffusion equations via a series of comprehensive numerical experiments. The accuracy is highlighted by the numerical results. We carry out an extensive convergence study to confirm the correctness and dependability of the answers, confirming the legitimacy of methodology and emphasizing its possible benefits over current approaches. The study provides important insights into the behavior of such systems and builds a strong computational foundation for future studies that will examine more complicated and dynamic systems. This research advances our knowledge of reaction-diffusion processes.

A New Extended Inverse Exponential Distribution with Medical and Engineering Applications

Nadia Hashim Al-Noor, Akbal Jabbar Sultan — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A new probability distribution named Truncated Rayleigh Odd Weibull Inverse Exponential distribution that extends the traditional inverse exponential distribution is proposed. The essential statistical properties including moments, quantile function, linear representation, measures of reliability, entropies, and reliability stress strength model are derived. The unknown three parameters are estimated with the method of maximum likelihood and a simulation study is introduced to examine the accuracy of the estimates. Two applications based on real-life datasets - medical and engineering - are considered. Due to its flexible features, the new extended distribution is preferable to number of well-known comparable models.

Efficient Iterative Transform Approach for Solving Time-Fractional Fokker-Planck Equations

Mustafa Hatem, Ali Al-Fayadh — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

An iterative semi-analytical transform approach is suggested in this paper for solving a time-fractional Fokker-Planck (FrF-P) partial differential equations. The Kashuri-Fundo transform and the variational iteration method are the key components of the suggested method. The fractional derivative is taken in the Caputo sense. The solution is given as a rapidly converging fractional power series with simple coefficients. Some illustrative examples are solved to show how practical and effective the proposed approach is.

The Role of Withania Somnifera Against Levofloxacin Effect in Oxidative Stress, Sperm Parameters and DNA Integrity of Male Rats

Mahmood N. Hammood, Liqaa H. Saqba, Nazar J. Metib — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Folk medicine across various cultures has relied on medicinal plants for their distinctive therapeutic properties. Among these plants is Withania somnifera, which is reputed for its potential to enhance sexual health and improve semen quality and inhibit lipid peroxidation as well as its anti-ageing, and anti-inflammatory properties. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the inherent protective role of W. somnifera against the effects of Levofloxacin, specifically focusing on DNA damage and sperm quality in a rat model. In order to achieve this objective, a total of thirty adult male rats were carefully assigned to five separate experimental groups, including the Control group (C) saline-treated for 60 days. Group (W) W. somnifera root extract was orally treated for 60 days. Group (L) Levofloxacin orally treated for 60 days. Group (W+L) Levofloxacin was orally co-administered and pre-treated with W. somnifera root extract for 60 days. Group (L+W) Levofloxacin was orally co-administered and post-treated with W. somnifera root extract for 60 days. The degree of protection was estimated using the oxidative stress biomarkers, sperm concentration, motility, viability, morphology, and comet assay. The administration of Levofloxacin resulted in a significant increase (P < 0.05) in various parameters, including Total Oxidative Status (TOS), sperm abnormality (Head and Tail abnormality), and the presence of immotile sperm. Additionally, significant damage to sperm DNA was observed, as confirmed by the comet assay. Furthermore, Levofloxacin treatment led to a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) levels and reductions in sperm concentration, motility, and viability. W. somnifera root extract treatment post and pre-Levofloxacin improved recovery of these biochemical changes and boosted sperm quality. In conclusion, W. somnifera root extract may protect against levofloxacin-induced sperm damage in rats.

Evaluation of the Biological Activity of Saccharomyces Boulardii in the Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

Hadeel Amoori Abd Ali, Neepal Imtair AlGaraawi, Suaad W. Kadium — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

The intention of this study was to determine the efficacy of Saccharomyces boulardii as a biological catalyst.to generate silver ‎ nanoparticles using silver nitrate. Diffraction of X-rays (XRD) .The atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to investigate the surface traits of the produced silver nanoparticles. According to the conclusions, silver nanoparticles with a standard crystalline size of 14.25 nm, as determined by x-ray spectroscopy (xrd), may potentially be manufactured. The Standard X-ray diffraction (XRD) chart for silver nanoparticles (JCPDS silver: 04-0783) revealed four diffraction values at the two values: 38.6, 44.2, 64.2, and 77.3, which equate to 111, 200, 220, and 311 respectively. Additionally, the silver nitrate solution's color changed to brown with constant shaking after being added to a solution of suspended S. boulardii, which proved that nanoparticles were formed. The appearance of these peaks between the specific wavelength of silver nanoparticles, which ranges between 200 and 800 nm, indicates the presence of nanoparticles. The results of the UV/Vis Spectrophotometer revealed the emergence of three peak levels of absorption at 234, 355, and 488 nm in wavelength. The outcomes also showed that silver nanoparticles' surface topography by atomic force microscopy has a mean diameter of 49.61 nm.

The Correlation Between Higher of Human Interleukin-6 and C-reactive Protein in Female Patients with Diabetes Type 2

Rehab Jasim Mohmmed, Abdulmutalb Badr Manhy Al khaleeli, Nada Habeeb Obaid — Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

Insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, fat deposition, dyslipidemia, and systemic inflammation are all symptoms of type (2) diabetes (T2D). Giving to the Universal Diabetes Confederation, millions of people worldwide will get diabetes. Genetic and environmental variables play a character in the development of T2D. In this investigation, samples were taken from 40 healthy women and 46 female patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. The serum levels of insulin, C-reactive protein, and Human interleukin-6 were measured in all patients and control groups. The results revealed that patient levels of these parameters were significantly more advanced than those in the control group, but the P value was less than 0.001.

Histological Influences and Liver Weight Measurements in Female Rats and Their Embryos After Spasmine Drug Administration

Mon, 30 Sep 2024 00:00:00 +0000

A study was conducted to determine the role of spasmin in some weight and histological parameters of the livers of pregnant female rats and their fetuses on the nineteenth day of pregnancy. The study was conducted at the College of Education for women at the University of Kufa for the period from January 1- 2022, until June 15- 2022. After obtaining 8 pregnant rats, 4 of them were dosed with a dose of the physiological solution. This group represented the control (G1), while 4 pregnant female rats were dosed with spasmin drug at a dose of (0.48 mg/kg/body weight) (G2) for 19 days. The pregnant rats in the control group were (12) weeks old and weighed (231) grams, while the pregnant animals in the group treated with spasmin were (11) weeks old and weighed (230) grams.

The results of the study recorded a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the liver weights of both pregnant animals and their fetuses in groups of rats treated with spasmin. The results also showed that treating rats with spasmin until the nineteenth day of pregnancy led to histopathological and abnormal changes in liver tissue such as damage to the central vein wall, hepatocyte necrosis, sinusoidal expansion, hepatic tissue necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltration in pregnant rats and their fetuses compared to pregnant rats and their fetuses in control groups during pregnancy on the nineteenth day.

The study concludes that the treatment with spasming drug reduced the weight of pregnants and embryos’ liver of embryos and also caused various histopathological changes in the structure of the livers of the pregnant rats and their embryos during the 19th day of gestation.