Cleaner production techniques and their importance in optimal exploitation of economic resources in industrial units

Abstract

Production operations continued under the traditional model of industrial activity, with the consumption of raw materials in addition to energy and water as production inputs, as they are converted into products of various forms, in addition to the formation of waste that must be disposed of. This model began to transform into a more integrated industrial model called the industrial ecosystem, during which the optimal use of these uses was achieved and the generation of waste was reduced to a minimum, and the waste generated from one production process was used as inputs in another production process. The emergence and development of this industrial model was associated with technological development, which led to the emergence of what is called clean technology, the investment of which resulted in achieving the maximum benefit from the uses involved in the production process and minimizing the amount of waste generated from it.