RUSH IBRAHIM MOHAMED; AZZAM ABDEL WAHAB ABDEL KARIM; MOHAMMED ABDEL RAHMAN OMAR. Marketing capabilities and their role in achieving proactive orientation : an exploratory study of a number of commercial companies in the city of Dohuk. Iraqi Journal for Administrative Sciences, كربلاء، جمهورية العراق, v. 14, n. 56, p. 208–337, 2024. DOI: 10.71207/ijas.v14i56.2564. Disponível em: https://mail.journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/ijas/article/view/2564. Acesso em: 19 apr. 2026.